Casting



J. H. Goss ET Al.

IIvilzagy 22, 1923. 1,45%@

CASTING APARA'TUS Filed March 6, 1917 5 Sheets-Sheet l May 22, 1923.

. ,zal .1.l H. GOSS ET AL CASTING APPARATUS Filed March s, 1917 5 sheets-sheet y2' May 22, 1923.

J. H. GOSS ET Al.

CASTING APPARATUS Filed March 6, 1917 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 wm... GH um www WzOU... .IL mw .IIIIIL NSN r H W( w..

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fw Mf Patented May 22, 1923.

unirse srarssear-sur orties.

JOHN' H. GOSS AND. EDWARD L. WOLFF; OF WATERBURY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIG-.NORS

TO SCOVILL MANUFACTURING. COMPANY, A CORPOILA'LION OF CONNECTICUT. '1

cA siIiveT APPARATUS.

Appiicauon medV Marca e, 131,7. yserial uq. 152,535.

To aZZ'wM/nt 'it muy concern Be it known that we, Jorn,T Gross and EDWARD L. VOLFF, citizens of the United States, residing atl lVaterbury, county of New Haven, and State of Connecticut,y have. invented Certain new and usefulImprovements in Casting Apparatus, fully described and represented inthe following specifica; tion and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.'

This invention relates to apparatus for casting metal.

Hand pouring of the molten material in metal casting oftentimes results in defects and imperfections which impair or destroy the workable quality of' the product. Def vices have been devised for non-manual pouring, but such devices as heretofore known haveI been subject to certain object tions and disadvantages. For example, they have been found difficult to wor;` with because of lack of protection to the operators; it has been found diiiicult to, att-aiu and retain proper alignment betweenv the. molds and pouring members; they have lacked means whereby the molds could be,

properly and readily cleaned; and, due to these and other causes, their operation has been so clumsy, slow and inefticacious, that they have not attained the proper commer'- cial standard lof success.l

It is the principal object of this invention to provide apparatus for casting metal which eliminates the objectionable disadvantages of hand pouring and of the casting devices as heretofore known, such as those men,- tioned`r and which makes it possible to obtain a product satisfying the demands of commercial requirements.

With this general object in view, the invention consists in the combinations, details of construction and-arrangements of parts which will first be described in connection with the accompanying drawings land then more particularly pointed out.

ln the drawings'- Figure 1 is a front elevation of casting apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention;

Figure 2 is a side eleva-tion of the saine, in position for melting;

of the appa:

(enlarged) of the fiunace and parts associy ated therewith; A

Figure 6 isx a: view similar to Fig. 3*, illustrating a modified formVV of mold sections,

and'l Figure t is a. view similar to, Fig. et..4 show-vy ing the Same modified. form. et 'meld Sections as shown 1n Fig. 6,.

In the apparatus illustrated the molds are,

formed by a; plurality of mold sections and the inventiva :in its entirety nludesmeans' vheebyfthe Vafield 7Seczflsns may be mutable and' the Crucible @liable for Pouring with; out the risk of the loss ot proper alignment bet-Ween. @he nerfs! While. this may. bees.

complished. by refines Q1.1..1-u0t0ns, in thi? exemplfcafu Sheva, the apparatus iii: cludes a supporting frame which coiriprises, upright standards. 2 5, eross-braeesQZG side arms 27. This supporting frame is a. unitary structure, as, for` example, a single cast-ing, and carries, as hereinafter described` the tilting crucible anidft'he fold Sections. Br the use 0f sich e. 111.1 tary Sup.- POlt for both Crucible and molds the Proper alignment is retained between molds and Crucible,` anda large number of .successive pourings can be made without repair or agd-A justment oft-he parts and the like.y

There is provided a. Crucible tiltable 'for pouring. Although capable of a wide range of constructions, in the form shown a crucible 28 is carried by a furnace 29. l This latter' comprises'a plurality of superposed rings 30 covered with anfouter shell 3l and lined with fire brick '32. It also a bottom plate 33 in which there is a hinged door 34. In theI bottomA of the furnace are blocks` 35 on which the Crucible rests so as tol eX- tend somewhat above the top of the `furna,c e It will be seen that" as shown in Fig. 5. there iS an annular space. 361 between the' Crucible and the furnace wall through which passes the heating medium as; hereinafter de,- scribed. Y i

les, meld.'

Cil

Contact with the top of the furnace when the hood is in place to effect a proper seal between the parts. The'hood carries a cylindrical Crucible-extension 42 which roughly aligns with the Crucible proper and which has an upper shoulder 43 engaged by oney of the rings of the hood wall to carry the meinber 42 when the hood is raised. Above thecentral section of the hood is an annular cover 44 having an insertion of fire brick 45 and carrying an annular 'throat member 46 byl mutually-engaging shoulders. as clearlyvv appears in Fig. 5. 4To close the furnace opening, on ktop of this annular cover is a removable lid 47 faced with fire brick 48 and carried by a supporting bracket. 49pivoted on a pin 50 and having an operatinghandle 51.- By manipulating thehandle 51, the lid is displaced to expose the cover openu ing and permit charging of the Crucible, vlinspection of the charge and the'like.

The hood is provided with trunnions 52 to"V receive a bail carried by aci-ane or the like (not shown) whereby the hood is lifted off, and away from the furnace, when the charge' is ready. for pouring.

to pour the charge. `While capable of a wide range of constructions, inthe embodiment shown, the furnace is pivoted to the main supporting frame asat To tilt the furnace.' pivotedv to the Iside thereofas at 54.

is a connecting rod 55- fastened to -a piston rod 56the piston 5,7 of which operates in an air cylinder 58. This cylinder liasa base 59 pivotally Carried by a large bracket 60 on the main frame, this base 59having an air passage 6l extending laterally through the pivot ofthebase (Fig. 2)' vand arranged vto be' connected with any suitable source of air 'under pressure.

The action of the y pistonoperated connecting rod tilts the `furnace about its pivotal connections, to Crucible to pour. y p

The furnace here shown as an example has at one side, near the bottom, a large square.

Amay be Connected up as desired.

Y The ring 40 is provided with concentric gaskets 4l which.

permit the up through the furnace and hood about the Crucible and out via the exit flue 63, which ln a preferred plant layout the furnaces are alternately right and left handed to permit two adjacent furnaces to have common burners and Common escape flues. These furnaces arey identical in-construction, except that the position of the various parts is reversed. as shown in the drawings. Thus. Fig. 3 shows a left hand and Fig. 4 a right hand furnace. and when'two such furnaces are adjacent. the burners above mentioned may be locatedy between them. To the right of the furnace of Fig. 4 will be anotherleft hand furnace and between them will be a. common outlet flue. into which the two exit ues 63 can discharge. i

There is provided means for covering the annularv space surrounding the crucible when the hood is removed. to protect the workmen` ufrom the hot gases and to protect the furnace,A 1

shield 65 which is incompletely annular.y y

This shield has two wings 66 making the top plan roughly inverted U-shaped, the hinge.V

being at the ends of the U. Vhen the hood is in place duringmelting ofthe charge, this Shield is'swung u'pinto a nearly vertical Yposi-V tion, as shownin Figs.` ,1,2 and 5, 'so as to be out of the way. 7When, however, the hood 1s removed. ythe shield is swungdown. as shown in Fig. ,4, to cover the annular space betweenv Y f the Crucible and the furnace wall. `Means is provided for tilting the Crucible There is provided means to permit pouring with this shield in place and alsov means for supporting the Crucible in its tilted position; as during pouring. Although these endsmay be-.attained by vvarious construc-y tions. in the embodiment shown. there is provided a member inthe" formV of a, spout 65a.

It has been mentioned that vthe shield coniprised an incomplete annulus .(Fig. l). At the. opening, the edges are.v substantially pai'- allel, appears in Figs. l and 4, and these edges form a track for the spout 65L which is carried thereby.` By this construction, the

member 65 both serves as a spout' and com` pletes the shield so that the entire annular openspace is covered. YThis spout member 65a also serves asa support for the Crucible while in a tilted'position as for pouring. To bring spout and Crucible into proper relation. the spout is made lto conform with the Crucible and the spout is clamped against the side of the Crucible when the shield is in place, ine-ans being provided for adjust-l ing the position of the spout. Although cap` able of various constructions. inthe form shown the spout is slidable in itsy bearing track. Pinned to the spout by bolt 65b is an Lesesaal,

adjusting leverf'(` fulcrumed as at 68 and;

having a slotted arm 691 riding over a pin Z0 on the shield' Wing. Extending out from the leveris'an operating handle 71. By manipulation of this handle the spout a is moved in and out in its track sothat itmaybe properl'y adjusted. to clamp against the cruclble and support it While tilted.

There isV provided means whereby the molds are carried by the; main supporti-ngexempliication shown the molds are formed by a plural-ity of vertical? mold sections 72, the back of one section serving as the' face or cover of the next mold. 'lhese molds are carried by a swingingv bracket 73.: Each mold section has near the top andbottom an arm 74 at the end of which is a socket '75 pivotally mounted on al pintle 76 carrie-d by the bracket. It Will beV y,observed from Figs. 3 and 4, that these arms are of differ-4 ent lengths. As a result. When the molds are opened, complete and ready access is obtained to the individual sections. The bracket itself is pivotall-y connected to the frame. As here shown as an example, near the top of the bracket, at one side, is, a bifurcated .pintle socket 77 by which the bracketis mounted on a pin 78- which passes.

through a supporting -arm 79 extending out from the main supporting frame. AtV thebottom of the bracket is a gudgeon 8O mounted on a pintle 8l passing through a similar arml 82 of the main frame, and at an intermediate point is a second bifurcated pint-le socket 83, pintle 84 and supporting arm 85. Y

l/Vhen the molds are closed for pouring, as in Fig. 3, it will be seen that they are in such position that the back of one covers the next, the last one to the lleft (in the drawing) being open and so not receivingV any charge. After casting, the bracket is swung out on its hinges` thus swinging all the mold sections away from pouring position, and, further, theindividual sections are swung out on their pintlesuntil they take some such position as that shown lin Fig. 4. Ready access to each mold for cleaning and the like is thus obtained.

There is provided means for positively and yieldingly locking the mold sections together for pouring. This maybe accomplished in numerous Ways. In the construction shown, pivoted to the frame, as at 86, is a plurality of clamping arms 87. there being one foreach of the side frame arms. These clamping arms carry triangular clamping blocks 88 piif'oted thereto and having a straight face to vcontact with the end mold section. Straddling the ends of the side frame-arms and pivoted thereto,

While capable v arev levers 89vv Whichf in, turnr are stradfdled by and` have pivoted.- thereto the* forked ends 90- ofv locking bars 9:1. The other ends of the locking bars have eyes 92, the intermedi-` ate portions being formed-as turn-buckles 93. When the molds are closed, the clamp` ing' arms 87 are' swung in, with the members: 88; bearing against the last mold secl tion so; as to properly distribute the clamping pressure'. i The locking eyes 92' of' the locking; bars 91 arey hooked over the .ends of the clamping; bars 87, 'Which'may have notches to# receive said eyes.' This positivelyr locks vor clamps the mold sections together, but; due to, the construction of the locking parts, there is-` enough inherent re-v silienc-y to take care ofthe slight expansion of the mold sections. If adjustment of thc tension is desired', it is attained by manipulation ofthe turn buckles 98.

To release the. molds `for opening, the levers 89l (which are provided with sockets 94 to receive a crowbar or ysimilar instru-A ment) are manipulated toy swingl the locking .bars 91y from .engagement with the clamping arms 87 and both arms and-bars are swung out ofv the Way, as, in Fig. 4, to permit the mold sections `to be unfolded, as before described.

Above lthe molds, in the prese-nt embodiment, is placed a receptacle or strainer 95,Vy Figs. l and 2,. forv receiving the charge from' the spout, this strainer havingopenings to distribute the `metal to the respective'mold's.

There is provided means Where-by a floor or platform is provided in relatively close, proximity to the bottom of .the mold'sec-` tionsv forcatching the castings when the molds are opened. lthas been stated elselWherethat the apparatusl of the present invention-is adapted to casting bars and the like of various lengths. To prevent the castings, particularly in the case where the molds used are quite short-,from dropping any great distance when the molds Y are opened.k a platform is provided, such that it may be adjusted with relation to thev particular mold length used. Although such an adjustable platformis capable of various constructions, in apparat-us embodying the invention to the best advantage, it is in the form of a large tray which may be placed in a number of positions on the frame of theapparatus. `For example, in

the embodiment illustrated, there is provided a flat tray 96 of the configuration shown in Fig. 4. I an outwardly extending lugV 97y which rests on the side bars of the frame and 'a plurality of hooks 98 at the rear which hook over any one of the rear cross bars of thev frame of the apparatus asv shown in Fig. From This tray has at one side this ligure it Will be seen' that the platform y or trav 96 is'in relatively close proximity to the bottomr of the molds, so thatv when the molds are opened, the castings will have f. but a short. distance to drop.. `When vshorter or longer molds are used, the platform or tray is'removed and replaced 'oncross bars Ihigher or lower. on the frame, asthe ,casemaybe. L

- To recapitulate the operation, Aassuming the hood is inplace, the shield being swung into its out-of-theway position and theel-ui'cible charged, the heating medium enters via the admission liue and passes up around the..

Crucible andout via-the'eXit flue. f If open', the mold sections and 'the bracket 73` arey swung around to pouring position (Fie. 3), a-nd'are clamped or locked firmlyl together lby hooking t'he'eyes of the lockingbars 91 over the en-ds of the clamping arms 87. IVhen the charge is ready for pouring', a crane carrying a bail is advanced and the 'hood attached and bodily removed. Thereupon the shield G5 is swung rdown into its protecting position .and 'the spout G5 is slid up until it is clampedI against the crucibleiso as to completeA the shield and be =in supporting position when the Crucible istilted.` irrbeing, admitted to the cylinder 5S the furnace Ais tilted by .the connectingv rod 55 and "the molten metal is poured downV the spout intol the strainer 95 and so into the molds. lheii the pouring' is completedthe air is cutoff and the furnace returned to normal position. lVhen the metal in the molds has properly hardened, the lockingbars are diseng'agedv from the clamping' arms land both bars and arms swungout to the position shown in. Fig. 4, whereupon, vthe moldsare unfolded suflicientlyv -to permit ofremoval of the castings. For 'cleaning andthe like the swingT ing bracket is swungout to carry the.' molds e away from the machine and the sections ai'e r separated. `as shown in Fig. The shield is' then swung' back, the hood moved into place` airain. and the apparatus is ready Yfor `the gnext charge. 1 f- Figs, 6 and? illustrate a lmodification of` the inventionA adapted` for castingv 4billetsV rather than flat bars or slabs. In this case only one article is Cast at a time. Tov this 3 end there are two mold sect-ions 100, each haring a semi-cylindrical mold opening. Secured to the upper and lower endk of ,each section are arms 101 having sockets mounted on pintles 102 carried by a swinging bracket- 103 which is similar to the swinging bracket already described though slightly different inshape. Otherwise this construction is like Vthat already described. Y

It is noted that this apparatus isl adaptable for molds of a wide range of lengths, from relatively short ones to -molds substantially commensurate with the distance between the uppermost and lowermost lside frame .arms 27. In `thievpresent instance the -molds are of an intermediate length. If

longer-bars or billets lare desired," the mold sections are lcorrespondinglychanged as is also the swinging bracket 'and the tray 96,

the apparatuses awhole, however, being unotally carried by-said framework, a bracket v piyotally-mounted on said side' arms, and a pivotally mounted plurality of'inold sections on said bracket.v

2. Ina metal casting aparatus, and in coinbination, a supporting. framework including anupright support and two sets of side arms `extending therefrom., a cruciblefurnace piyotally'carried by said framework.- a bracketxpivotally mounted onone set-offsidearms, a plurality of mold sections. piv otally mounted on ythe bracket, andinoldlocking` elementscarried by thefother set of side arms. 3; In metal castingapparatus, and

in com bination a support, a mold carried thereby,

a Crucible, anfurnace carrying said Crucible and pivotally carried by` said support, and means fortiltingsaid furnace tofpoiir the charge into said mold.

-' In metal casting' apparatus, and in com# l bina'tion a support-,al plurality of movable moldv SectiOnscarried thereby, a Crucible, a

furnace carryiii'gsaid Crucible and pivotally carried by said support, and means for tilt! ing'said furnacelto pour the charge into the mold or molds` formed kby said sections.

In metal casting apparatus, vand in combination a support, a swinging bracket pivotally carried thereby. a plurality' vof mold sections pivoted to said bracket, a crucible, a vfurnacecarryingsaid crucible Aand pivotally .carriedby sa'id'support,f and means for tilting.' said furnace 'to pour the Charge into 'the mold or molds formed by said sec--l tions.

' G. In metal casting apparatus,and'in com! bination artilting furnace, a Crucible'withiny said furnace. 'a removable -hoodlfor the furnacea shield for' coi/'ering' the space between. the Crucible` .andthe furnace wall, anda spout forming part ofsaid shieldl '7. In metal" Casting apparatus,` and in" combina-tion a furnace, 'a 'Crucible` within said furnace, a removable lioo-d for thefui nace, anda shield carried by the apparatus and movable into a position to cover ythe space between the: crucible `and the furnace wall when the vhood is removed. and out of the way when the hood is in place. 8. In metalv casting apparatus. and in combination a furnace. a 'Crucible withinv said furnace, a removable hood for the furnace,- and a shield piif'ota-llv` carriedybythe' furnace for coveringd the space between the crucible and the furnace wall when `the hood `is removed.

9. In metal casting apparatus.y Aand in combination a tiltable :fui-nace, a iCrucible within said furnace, -a removable hood :for `the furnace, va shield pivotally carried by the furnace for covering' the space between the Crucible and fthe furnace Wall Whenthe hood is removed, -and fa spout forming?,` part of said shield. Y i

10. 'In metal casting apparatus, Vand lin combination a furnace, va Crucible y'Within said furnace, 'a removablehood for the `furnace. a shield Vfor covering' the spacebetween lthe Crucible and ythe furnace Wall when rthe hood is removed, 4rand an adjust'- able spout carried lby said shield and movable to abutagainst-'the cnicible.

l11. In metal 'casting apparatus, and in combination a furnace, a crucible Within said furnace, aremovablehood for the furnace, a shield -for partially covering' the space between the Crucible and the furnace Wall when the -hood "is removed, and a spout carried by said vshield to cover the space not covered by theV latter, the l.position of said spoutbeing adjustable. Y

12. In metal casting apparatus, and in combination la. furnace, -a Crucible within said furnace, a removable hood for the furnace, anincomplete shield for covering' the space between the Crucible andthe furnace Wall when the hood is removed, a spout Carried bysa-id shieldand completing the same and slid'able to abut against the crucible, and means for moving said spout.

13. In metal casting apparatus, and in combination a support, a bracket pivotally carried by said support, and a plurality of cooperating mold sections pivotally secured to said bracket.

14. In metal casting` apparatus, and in combination a support, a plurality of cooperating mold sections connected with said support so as to be movable in unison and individually separable, and a Crucible also carried by said support and movable for pouring.

15. In metal Casting apparatus, and in Combination asupport, three or more open faced mold sections secured to said support to form Complete molds and separable to provide ready access to the interior of the individual sections. v y

16. In metal casting apparatus, and in combination a support, a plurality of mold sections pivotally carried by said support,

the distance from the molds to their respective pivotal points being unequal.

17. In metal casting apparatus. and in combinat-ion a movable bracket, a plurality of mold sections, each section having a supporting arm pivotcd to said bracket, said arms being of uneoual length.y

18. In metal Casting apparatus, and in combination a plurality of :separable mold sections, Aa stationary member, a plurality n of movable members and means for clampA ing the molds between said stationary memyber fand said `movable fmemgbers.

219. yIn .metal casting apparatus, and .in

combination 2a -fplurality tof rseparable "mold sections, a xstationary member, -a 'plurality of movable clam'pingarmsymeam 'for clamp- Qing the mold sections between said sta-- `tionar'y member and said arms, and vmold engaging blocks ,pivotally carried by `said clamping arms. Y f

20. rIn metal Icasting apparatus fand iin combination fa. .plurality of separable .m'old sections, a stationary Imember, a lplurality j of swinging' clamping'arms, @a plurality of swinging docking' ilinks .for clamping 'the mold sectionsbetween fsaid :stationary member and Isaid arms,'ffand means for Aadjusting the .le'nath of said zlin'ks.

21. fIn M'metal casting.` apparatus, :and vin combinationnatiltable furnace, :a crucible Within said furnace` a .removablehood for the lfurnace, a shield for'fcovering the space between fthe Crucible-and lthey furnace avail loo when the hoodis removed, and 'a spout fas- I sociated with the shield 'and .movable vto abut against the Jcrucible to :support I the same When in -tilted position; v

22. vIn metal `casting apparatus, :and Lin Combination. a vtiltable furnace, a lCrucible Within-said furnace, 1a removable 'hood fffor the furnace, a shielding member. for'zp'artially' c( verin,cjl the. spacefbetfaie'enA 'the crucible and the furnace wall When theA hood is removed, and a spout carried by said shieldinga member to cover the space not covered by the latter, and movable to abut l against the Crucible to support the. same when in tilted position.

23.111 metal casting apparatus, and' in combination la support adapted tocarry mold sections of different lengths` a plat-v combinationv a support comprising a plurality of Cross pieces and adapted to carry mold sections of different lengths, a pla-tform, and means associated therewith for Cooperating with any of said cross pieces to carry said platform in a position to catch the articles cast.

26. In metal casting apparatus, and in combination a support, a plurality of molds 12o` In metall casting apparatus, and in" carried thereby,l and a receptacle for receiving the charge and distributing it to said molds. f

27. In Ametal Casting apparatus, and in combination a support, a plurality of molds carried by ksaid support, a Crucible movable to pour lthe charge, and a-receptacle for receiving the Charge :from the Crucible and distributing it to said molds.

28. In meta-ly'cast-ing apparatus, yandin 'combination a support, a plurality of movable mold sections Vcarried vvby said support to form a plurality of molds, a cruciblemovableto pour the charge, and a receptacle forreceivingthe charge from the Crucible and distributing it to said molds. l

In metal casting apparatus, and in combination, a support, a pluralityvof separable mold sections Carried vby the support, a Clamping bar for locking .the .mold sections together pivotally associated 'with-said support and movable on itspivot vto span the mold sectionmand a lever for manipulating said. Clamping bar.

30. In metal cast-lng apparatus, and in combination a .plurality of. separable mold sect1ons,'a Clamping bar mounted to span the mold section for locking saidmold sections together, and a lever pivoted f to said bar for manipulating the same. l 31. In metal Casting apparatus, and in combination a furnace,` a Crucible within said furnace, a shield foro overing the space between the Crucible and the' furnace wall, and a spout formingfp'art of sa'idshield.

.32. l.In metal casting apparatus, and in combination a furnace, a Crucible. within said furnace, a shield for Covering the space between the Crucible and the furnace wall,

and. an adjustablev spout carried .by said shield and movable to abut against the Crucible.- i

33. In metal castingk apparatus, and in Combination a furnace, a` Crucible A'within said furnace, an incompletely annular shield ,for Covering the space between the cruciblc and the furnace wall, a spout in sliding relation with the shield `for completing the same, and an adjusting leverpivoted to the shield and having an operating Connection with the spout, .for sliding the spout t0- ward and away from the Crucible.

34. In a metal Casting apparatus, and in combination, a supporting framework insaid last named side arms and havingpori tions' for engaging said Clamping elements. In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands.

JOHN H. Goss. l EDWARD L.- WQLFF. 

